Web Spanish teacher Maria Vera casts a look at the presidential elections held in Columbia in 2010.
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In this Spanish lesson, a Web Spanish teacher discusses the importance of the soccer world cup, and the opening ceremonies.
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This Spanish audio lesson discusses the celebrations held in Argentina celebrating the 200th anniversary of independence from Spain.
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In this Spanish lesson podcast, a Web Spanish teacher takes a look at a political summit held in Spain in May 2010.
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Actividad 1
Escucha el audio y marca las oraciones verdaderas:
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Gramática
El Subjuntivo En general, usamos el subjuntivo para expresar un deseo, un consejo, una necesidad, un permiso, una prohibición o un mandato con respecto a otras personas.
In general, we use the subjunctive to express desires, give advice, make requests and demands, give permission and prohibit certain things with respect to other people.
Conjugación regular
Paso 1: Tomar como base la primera persona singular del presente del indicativo.
Step 1: Take the root of the first person singular present indicative.
Paso 2: Eliminar la terminación “o”. Step 2: Remove the ending “o”. Paso 3: Agregar las terminaciones correspondientes.
Step 3: Add the corresponding endings.
|
INFINITIVO |
PASO 1 |
PASO 2 |
PASO 3 |
| hablar | hablo | habl- | hable, hables, hable, hablemos, hablen, hablen |
| comer | como | com- | coma, comas, coma, comamos, coman, coman |
| vivir | vivo | viv- | viva, vivas, viva, vivamos, vivan, vivan |
Terminaciones
| Verbos terminados en: |
Singular |
Plural |
| -ar | -e/es/-e | -emos/-en-/-en |
| -er /-ir | -a/-as-/-a | -amos/-an/-an |
Verbos irregulares
|
|
Dar |
Estar |
Haber |
Ir |
Saber |
Ser |
| Yo Tú Él/ella/usted Nosotros(as) Ellos/ellas/ ustedes |
dé des dé demos den |
esté estés esté estemos estén |
haya hayas haya hayamos hayan |
vaya vayas vaya vayamos vayan |
sepa sepas sepa sepamos sepan |
sea seas sea seamos sean |
Usos del Subjuntivo
Expresar deseos (Expressing desires)
| Verbos para expresar deseos | English Translation |
| Esperar Espero que tú/él/ella/usted/ellos/ellas/ustedes… |
To hope I hope that you/he/she/they… |
| Desear Deseo que tú/él/ella/usted/ellos/ellas/ustedes… |
To wish I wish that you/he/she/they… |
| Necesitar Necesito que tú/él/ella/usted/ellos/ellas/ustedes… |
To need I need you/him/her/them to… |
| Preferir Prefiero que… |
To prefer I prefer that… |
| Rogar Ruego que… |
To ask for/request I request that … |
| Pedir Pido que… |
To ask for/request I request that… |
| Suplicar Suplico que… |
To beg I beg that… |
Expresar consejos (Giving advices)
| Verbos para expresar consejos | English Translation |
| Aconsejar Te/le/les aconsejo que… |
To advise I advise you/him/her/them to… |
| Recomendar Te/le/les recomiendo que… |
To recommend I recommend that you/he/she/they… |
| Sugerir Te/le/les sugiero que… |
To suggest I suggest that you/he/she/they… |
Dar órdenes (Giving orders)
| Verbos para dar órdenes | English Translation |
| Ordenar Te/le/les ordeno que… |
To order I order that you/he/she/they |
| Exigir Te/le/les exijo que… |
To demand I demand that you/he/she/they |
| Mandar Te/le/les mando que… |
To order/demand I order/demand that you/he/she/they… |
Dar prohibiciones y permisos (Giving permission and placing bans)
| Verbos para dar prohibiciones y permisos | English Translation |
| Prohibir Prohíbo que tú/él/ella/usted/ellos/ellas/ustedes… |
To prohibit/ban I prohibit you/him/her/them from… |
| Permitir Permito que tú/él/ella/usted/ellos/ellas/ustedes… |
To allow/permit I allow you/him/her/them to… |
Actividad 2
Completa las siguientes oraciones con la forma correcta del verbo:
Actividad 3
Completa las siguientes oraciones con la forma correcta del verbo:
Audio 2: ¡Cómo pasa el tiempo!
Actividad 1
Escucha el audio y marca “V” si es verdadero o “F” si es falso:
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Gramática
Tiempo pretérito pluscuamperfecto
El pretérito pluscuamperfecto se usa para expresar una acción pasada anterior a otra acción también pasada. Es el pasado del pasado. (The preterit pluperfect is used to express a past action which happened before another past action. It is the past of the past.)
Línea del tiempo (Time line):
Ejemplos (examples):
Conjugación de “Haber”
| Persona |
Haber |
Participio |
English Translation |
|
Yo Nosotros (as) |
había habíamos |
Preparado bebido |
I had prepared |
Actividad 2
Completa las siguientes oraciones con el verbo en pretérito pluscuamperfecto:
Ejemplo:
¿Tú (usar) habías usado esos zapatos antes de la boda?
Actividad 1
Escucha el audio y marca las secuencias correctas:
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Gramática
Usos del pretérito imperfecto y pretérito indefinido:
PRETÉRITO INDEFINIDO
| USO |
USE |
| Acciones pasadas y terminadas. “Ayer, encontré a Lucía después de mucho tiempo.” |
Past actions that have finished. “Yesterday, I found Lucia after a long time.” |
| Acciones que tienen una duración exacta. “Vivimos allí desde 1965 hasta 1999.” |
Actions that last for a specific time. “We lived there from 1965 until 1999.” |
| Eventos específicos. “Toledo fue presidente del Perú.” |
Specific events. “Toledo was President of Peru” |
| Eventos inesperados o repentinos. “De repente, sonó el teléfono.” |
Unexpected or sudden events. “Suddenly, the telephone rang.” |
PRETÉRITO IMPERFECTO
| USO |
USE |
| Acciones pasadas y simultáneas. “Mientras mi mamá cocinaba, mi papá miraba la televisión.” |
Past actions that are simultaneous. “Whilst my mum cooked my dad watched the television.” |
| Circunstancias y detalles para comprender la acción principal. “Ayer fui a la playa porque era domingo y hacía mucho calor.” |
Circumstances and details that explain the main action of the sentence. “I went to the beach yesterday because it was Sunday and it was very hot.” |
| Acciones generales, habituales o que se repiten. “Cuando era niño, estudiaba mucho.” |
General, habitual or repeated actions. “When I was a child, I studied a lot.” |
| Para decir la hora y la edad en el pasado. “¿Qué hora era? Eran las cinco y media.” “Tenía 5 años cuando fui al colegio por primera vez.” |
With ages and the time in the past. “What time was it? It was five thirty.” “I was 5 years old when I went to school for the first time.” |
Actividad 2
Completa el siguiente párrafo usando el pretérito imperfecto o el pretérito indefinido, según corresponda:
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